{"id":4081,"date":"2013-11-12T12:23:03","date_gmt":"2013-11-12T12:23:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85\/"},"modified":"2025-11-20T09:45:17","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T09:45:17","slug":"%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/ar\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-xbhfw-fc48bef1fcff7ca6d4f2a31976c36c9a entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-0  avia-builder-el-no-sibling   container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n<div class='flex_cell av-78mkho-c2cd60a1e8de42bea4a69cd5b1530536 av-gridrow-cell av_two_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_cell_one_third  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><section  class='av_textblock_section av-603zl8-2e421b47a347581e3a8b9b4b48329f3b '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mhqsam75-a1eeaa22e4a22de5335b24584797e303 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mhqsb4b9-d40bb26edf97cae546e7e50b3114fb07 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><b>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mhvullpj-0af28d59daedc58dbf1962318395f5b0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a\u062f\u062c (Routledge). \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4y8e30-9f1d7343e24a0fff3452997f80f70bf1\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-4y8e30-9f1d7343e24a0fff3452997f80f70bf1 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4y8e30-9f1d7343e24a0fff3452997f80f70bf1 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639&#8221; (Land and Post Conflict Peacebuilding)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u062c. \u0623\u0646\u0631\u0648 \u0648 \u0631. \u0633. \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 (J. Unruh and R. C. Williams).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f 6 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629: www.environmentalpeacebuilding.org).<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a\u062f\u062c (Routledge) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: http:\/\/www.routledge.com\/books\/details\/9781849712316\/.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 2013. \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-mhqsgamw-a3b355248e9def41dddb6fff7c5c99b0-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mhqsgamw-a3b355248e9def41dddb6fff7c5c99b0\">\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-mhqsgamw-a3b355248e9def41dddb6fff7c5c99b0{\nfont-size:16px;\nbackground-color:#8d4448;\nborder-color:#8d4448;\ncolor:#ffffff;\nbox-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px #a06567;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\nmargin:30px 0 0 0;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-mhqsgamw-a3b355248e9def41dddb6fff7c5c99b0 .avia-svg-icon svg:first-child{\nfill:#ffffff;\nstroke:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/www.environmentalpeacebuilding.org\/assets\/documents\/1ef35becd0f5.pdf'  class='avia-button av-mhqsgamw-a3b355248e9def41dddb6fff7c5c99b0 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-right-icon avia-size-x-large avia-position-center'  target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"  aria-label=\"\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF\"><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF<\/span><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_right avia-svg-icon avia-font-svg_entypo-fontello' data-av_svg_icon='download' data-av_iconset='svg_entypo-fontello'><svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-labelledby='av-svg-title-1' aria-describedby='av-svg-desc-1' role=\"graphics-symbol\">\n<title id='av-svg-title-1'>Download<\/title>\n<desc id='av-svg-desc-1'>Download<\/desc>\n<path d=\"M30.976 20.864q0.576 0.32 0.864 1.024t0.096 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img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 #8d4448;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mhqsduvw-ac73e51d455da632496681e20ba5d3ca .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mhqsduvw-ac73e51d455da632496681e20ba5d3ca av-styling- av-hover-blur avia_animated_image av-animated-when-visible-95 av-rotateInUpRight avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-9  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-img-box-shadow av-box-shadow-not-animated'   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4080 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4080 avia_image shadow-not-animated' src=\"https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg\" alt='' title='Land and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding'  height=\"500\" width=\"332\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" 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\/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4080,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4081","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-52"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-80x80.jpg",80,80,true],"medium":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-199x300.jpg",199,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"large":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"widget":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-36x36.jpg",36,36,true],"square":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-180x180.jpg",180,180,true],"featured":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-332x430.jpg",332,430,true],"featured_large":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"extra_large":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"portfolio":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-332x400.jpg",332,400,true],"portfolio_small":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-260x185.jpg",260,185,true],"gallery":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"magazine":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-332x375.jpg",332,375,true],"masonry":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding.jpg",332,500,false],"entry_with_sidebar":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-332x321.jpg",332,321,true],"entry_without_sidebar":["https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Land-and-Post-Conflict-Peacebuilding-332x423.jpg",332,423,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Dr. 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