{"id":4356,"date":"2025-11-01T09:10:29","date_gmt":"2025-11-01T09:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/%d8%a6%d8%a7%d9%84%db%86%d8%b2%db%8c%db%8c%d8%a7-%d9%86%d8%a7%da%a4%db%95%d9%86%d8%af%db%95%d9%86%db%95%da%a9%d8%b1%d9%86%db%8e\/"},"modified":"2025-11-26T12:03:03","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T12:03:03","slug":"%d8%a6%d8%a7%d9%84%db%86%d8%b2%db%8c%db%8c%d8%a7-%d9%86%d8%a7%da%a4%db%95%d9%86%d8%af%db%95%d9%86%db%95%da%a9%d8%b1%d9%86%db%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/ku\/%d8%a6%d8%a7%d9%84%db%86%d8%b2%db%8c%db%8c%d8%a7-%d9%86%d8%a7%da%a4%db%95%d9%86%d8%af%db%95%d9%86%db%95%da%a9%d8%b1%d9%86%db%8e\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0626\u0627\u0644\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u06a4\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u06ce"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-xbhfw-fc48bef1fcff7ca6d4f2a31976c36c9a entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first   container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n<div class='flex_cell av-78mkho-c2cd60a1e8de42bea4a69cd5b1530536 av-gridrow-cell av_one_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_cell_two_third  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-603zl8-6dfce9e43f0a8245bdc9dd04320e5dec '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>\u067e\u06d5\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06a9\u0627 \u0645\u0646<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mhqsam75-a1eeaa22e4a22de5335b24584797e303 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1>\u0626\u0627\u0644\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u06a4\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u06ce<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mhqsb4b9-aafb039ddce3d8ade939ffccb368a30a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>\u0626\u06d5\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06ce\u0646 \u0698 \u0626\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642\u06ce \u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0646 \u0628\u06c6 \u06af\u06c6\u0647\u0695\u06cc\u0646\u06ce<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4y8e30-9f1d7343e24a0fff3452997f80f70bf1\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-4y8e30-9f1d7343e24a0fff3452997f80f70bf1 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4y8e30-9f1d7343e24a0fff3452997f80f70bf1 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span class=\"\">\u0626\u06d5\u06a4 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06a9\u06d5 \u0634\u0644\u06c6\u06a4\u06d5 \u062f\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u06a4\u0627\u06a9\u06ce\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u06a4\u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f \u0698\u06ce\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0647\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062c\u06a4\u0627\u06a9\u06ce\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u0645\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u06a4\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0649 (decentralized) \u0698 \u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u06d5\u0646.<\/span><span class=\"\"> \u0628\u06d5\u062d\u0633\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u067e\u06ce\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u06a9\u0645\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u060c \u062a\u06cc\u06c6\u0631\u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u06a4\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u06ce \u0648 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u060c \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06ce\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06c6\u060c \u0645\u06ce\u0632\u06c6\u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u06c6 \u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u06a9\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u06d5 \u0644 \u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u06a9\u0645\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u06a4\u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06a9\u06d5\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06a9\u06d5\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class='flex_cell av-34cka4-ed371538063963ec61400049059f5730 av-gridrow-cell av_two_third no_margin  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_cell_one_third  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mhqsduvw-4a72f14bf4007668070095c8672750e6\">\n@keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-mhqsduvw-4a72f14bf4007668070095c8672750e6 {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 #8d4448; opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 10px 0 #8d4448; opacity: 1; }\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mhqsduvw-4a72f14bf4007668070095c8672750e6 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 #8d4448;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mhqsduvw-4a72f14bf4007668070095c8672750e6 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mhqsduvw-4a72f14bf4007668070095c8672750e6 av-styling- av-hover-blur avia_animated_image av-animated-when-visible-95 av-rotateInUpRight avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-img-box-shadow av-box-shadow-not-animated'   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4354 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4354 avia_image shadow-not-animated' src=\"https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2.jpg\" alt='' title='book2'  height=\"1499\" width=\"2000\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2-1030x772.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2-1536x1151.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2-1500x1124.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/nesreenbarwari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/book2-705x528.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><div id='after_grid_row_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4356'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mi3imtwl-7e5cc2936968d0dd459a15fdd670ef95\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-mi3imtwl-7e5cc2936968d0dd459a15fdd670ef95 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mi3imtwl-7e5cc2936968d0dd459a15fdd670ef95 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span class=\"\">\u0626\u06d5\u06a4 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06a9\u06d5 \u0634\u0644\u06c6\u06a4\u06d5 \u062f\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u06a9\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645\u06ce \u062d\u0648\u06a9\u0645\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06ce \u0686\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u06d5 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0698\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u06af\u06d5\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627 2003\u06ce.<\/span><span class=\"\"> \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0698\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u06af\u06d5\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u06d5\u0631 (participatory planning) \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0626\u0627\u0644\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06ce \u062f \u0633\u06ce \u0642\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u063a\u06ce\u0646 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0627:<\/span><span class=\"\"> \u062f\u0627\u0695\u0634\u062a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce\u06a9\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0646 (institutionalization).<\/span> \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06a9 \u06a4\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06be\u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u0698\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u06d5\u0631 \u0642\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u06a9\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u0644\u06ce \u0647\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06ce \u062f \u0646\u0627\u06a4\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u06a9\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u0633\u06ce\u06a9\u062a\u06d5\u0631\u06ce \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u062c\u06a4\u0627\u06a9\u0627 \u0633\u06a4\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062f\u06d5\u062a. \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u06d5\u0633\u0627 \u067e\u06ce\u062f\u06a4\u06cc\u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u06a4\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0698\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u06a4\u062a\u0646 \u0644 \u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06ce \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06ce \u0648 \u067e\u06ce\u0634\u06a4\u06d5\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 (sustainable) \u0644 \u0626\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0642\u06ce.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-mhqsgamw-1458ff9b0d34801e2ab7e4116ae48024-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mhqsgamw-1458ff9b0d34801e2ab7e4116ae48024\">\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-mhqsgamw-1458ff9b0d34801e2ab7e4116ae48024{\nfont-size:16px;\nbackground-color:#8d4448;\nborder-color:#8d4448;\ncolor:#ffffff;\nbox-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px #a06567;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\nmargin:30px 0 0 0;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-mhqsgamw-1458ff9b0d34801e2ab7e4116ae48024 .avia-svg-icon svg:first-child{\nfill:#ffffff;\nstroke:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/dp\/B0FZ92328M?ref=cm_sw_r_ffobk_cso_wa_apin_dp_HY8XXECSEXG2JP202SCG&ref_=cm_sw_r_ffobk_cso_wa_apin_dp_HY8XXECSEXG2JP202SCG&social_share=cm_sw_r_ffobk_cso_wa_apin_dp_HY8XXECSEXG2JP202SCG&bestFormat=true&titleSource=true'  class='avia-button av-mhqsgamw-1458ff9b0d34801e2ab7e4116ae48024 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-x-large avia-position-center'  target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"  aria-label=\"\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06ce \u0644 \u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0632\u06c6\u0646\u06ce \u0628\u06a9\u06d5\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left avia-svg-icon avia-font-svg_entypo-fontello' data-av_svg_icon='amazon' data-av_iconset='svg_entypo-fontello'><svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"35\" height=\"32\" viewBox=\"0 0 35 32\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-labelledby='av-svg-title-1' aria-describedby='av-svg-desc-1' role=\"graphics-symbol\">\n<title id='av-svg-title-1'>Amazon<\/title>\n<desc id='av-svg-desc-1'>Amazon<\/desc>\n<path d=\"M0.064 24.832q0.16-0.256 0.512-0.032 8 4.64 17.408 4.64 6.272 0 12.384-2.336 0.16-0.064 0.48-0.192t0.416-0.192q0.48-0.192 0.768 0.192t-0.192 0.704q-0.576 0.416-1.472 0.96-2.752 1.632-6.144 2.528t-6.624 0.896q-4.992 0-9.44-1.728t-7.968-4.928q-0.192-0.16-0.192-0.32 0-0.096 0.064-0.192zM9.696 15.712q0-2.208 1.088-3.776t2.976-2.368q1.728-0.736 4.256-1.056 0.864-0.096 2.816-0.256v-0.544q0-2.048-0.448-2.752-0.672-0.96-2.112-0.96h-0.256q-1.056 0.096-1.824 0.672t-0.992 1.6q-0.128 0.64-0.64 0.736l-3.68-0.448q-0.544-0.128-0.544-0.576 0-0.096 0.032-0.224 0.544-2.848 2.688-4.224t4.96-1.536h0.8q3.648 0 5.696 1.888 0.32 0.32 0.608 0.672t0.416 0.672 0.288 0.832 0.192 0.736 0.096 0.896 0.032 0.832v7.744q0 0.832 0.256 1.504t0.448 0.992 0.736 0.992q0.192 0.288 0.192 0.512 0 0.256-0.256 0.448-2.656 2.304-2.88 2.496-0.384 0.288-0.928 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